From the ancient Greek "Arthrosis" is a common disease ("Arthri -" - common "- -On" -Dease). Sometimes it is also called osteoartthrosis or deforming osteoarthrosis (from ancient Greek "osteople" - bones).
It will be wrong to be called arthrosis of the disease - this is the name of the entire group of countries, which includes a lot of diagnosis.
Any disease of any joint, regardless of the cause, can be called arthrosis, but it will not give anything to the doctor or patient: the word "arthrosis" is not associated with the cause of the disease, but only with some symptoms.
The word "arthrosis" is very similar to another time - "This is Arthritis. "They both describe damage to the joints, they are often both associated with pain in the wrist, but have significant differences.
Usually arthritis disease is associated with inflammation in the common: infection, hereditary or autoimmune diseases lead to the beginning of arthritis. Its main manifestations include pain, color change, swelling in the area of the inflammation.
With arthrosis, the events are less noticed, and the causes are completely different.
How Common Works (knee and others)
The masculoskutnic system needs a person for active movements in space. Bones are a rigid frame, muscles - their driving force and joints - a place of mobile bone cell.
In the structure of the joint there are always two ends of neighboring bones that can be moved in relation to muscle assistance and small gap between them. This articulated gap is filled with a special lubricant - synovial fluid. It is necessary for cartilage nutrition: there is no container inside it, so that it takes all the nutrients from Sinovina.
The victim end of each bone is covered with cartilage for the protection of bone tissue from friction. The slider also helps to "shut down" vibration and sharp mechanical load: for example, the knee and joints of the foot during walking take most of the energy from the ground.
The renovation of these cartilage is a long and complex process that does not always end successfully.
All joints are limited by a capsule - a film that holds a hinged liquid, does not allow him to expand. Almost all joints support ligaments that do not allow neighboring bones to not pass too much and in the wrong direction.
Why and how the arthrosis is developing
There are many reasons to start arthrosis, in some cases, it is a combination of factors, and sometimes it is impossible to determine the cause.
There are three main causes and more than dozens of additional ones. The most popular:
- Joint injuries;
- Congenital common irregularities (dysplasia);
- The consequence of inflammation (arthritis) for any reason;
- Age (usually more than 50 years);
- Breach of metabolism (trace elements), obesity;
- Excessive load on the compound.
The development of osteoarthritis is divided into three phases:
- Initially. There are no obvious signs, it is difficult to find. The composition of the Sinovian current is changing, its function is worsening.
- Pain. Complaints and structural changes appear in the form of bone bones - osteophytes.
- Heavy arthrosis. Added a significant reduction of joint function: movements reduced or completely disappeared; The wrist is also deformed and the appearance of changes in limbs.
First, the cartilage structure is disturbed: it is thickened due to the change in the composition of synonyms or for another reason. Swelling of the cartilage fabric worsens its diet, so the time cartilage begins to become thinner.
Then, in the favorite parts of the wrist, the cartilage almost disappears or becomes too narrow. In return, bone growth begins - the appearance of osteophytes (bones "spikes).
At the end of the disease, bone growth is thus pronounced to restrict the movement to Ankilosa - the complete real estate of the compound.
Symptoms of arthrosis
Initial events: periodic pain after significant physical activity. Then the morning numbness is joined - after waking up a few minutes (up to 30), the joint seems to be connected to the elastic bandage: movements are possible, but difficult.
Later symptoms:
- pain on the wrist palpation;
- thickening of the bone in the wrist;
- Limit of movement;
- increased pain for less significant physical activity;
- Deformation of limbs.
The most common is an arthrosis of the disease of large joints (knees, hip) and arms (shoulder). The feet joints are less common.
Degenerative processes in the joint continue to manifest in the form of unusual sounds during the movement: crumbs, shooting, shock.
Diagnostics
As in the case of any other disease, it starts by collecting anamnesis - the history of the disease.
It is especially important that the doctor finds out whether there was a presence of risk factors (injuries, arthritis, innate damage, chronic diseases).
After the conversation and browsing of the wrist, additional methods will be needed: tests and instrumental examination.
The main study in the diagnosis of arthrosis is radiography.
The image will clearly see the main changes in the joints: reducing a common gap, bone growth, deformations. In the initial phases, small osteophytes can be seen along the edge of the wrist, and in the late uneven growth of the bone along the entire jazette will be noticeable.
Ultrasonic overview (Ultrasound) is an additional method to help determine the blackout thickness in the earliest phases of arthrosis. Arthroscopy is less common: The surgeon puts a small camera directly into the joint gap and gets a picture of the cartilage.
Treatment of arthrosis
It is impossible to completely cure an arthrosis and return the wrist to the original state. The correct combination of several methods will slow down only the development of osteoarthritis, but "return the former young" will not work.
Main tasks for the treatment of deforming osteoarthrosis of the knee or hook joint:
- moderate physical activity (running, walking, sitting position);
- Special exercises, exercise therapy (physiotherapy exercises);
- diet;
- medication treatment;
- Surgical treatment.
Arthrosis of the shoulder of the wrist or other localization, principles do not change, except the load correction to a specific compound.
Physical activity and exercises are selected in any case with an orthopedistic traumatologist of the doctor. The diet usually involves enriching diet with unsaturated fatty acids, various proteins, moderately limits carbohydrates (especially simple, they are "fast").
Refusing bad habits (smoking, alcohol taking in any quantity) significantly slows down the development of arthrosis. Diet also depends on the cause of illness, chronic diseases. You don't need to take dietary supplements.
Drug therapy - painkillers. NSAID - Non-American Anti -inflamatory medications are more often used. The choice of suitable depends on the presence of chronic diseases and the planned duration of the administration. Corticosteeroids (glucocorticoids, steroid medications) are used.
Doctors are very often prescribed by Chondroprotectors - medications that contain some of the molecules important for cartilage. In a large majority of cases, such medications have no effect on common, especially forms of tablets and fats.
It is extremely rarely that such drugs can really be needed and giving the right effect: when testing intra -ticular fluid, you can check their amount, and with a lack injected in the wrist (intra -anticular injection).
Conclusions
Arthrosis is a degenerative joint disease associated with mechanical impairment of cartilage and bone tissue growth. It usually develops in people over 50 years of age, after joint injuries or long-lasting excess loads.
It is manifested in pain after load, morning stiffness and crumbs.